Cold is the most common human disease, and can affect all people worldwide. Adults get colds 2-3 times a year, young children 6 -10 times, and school-aged children up to 12 times. Although the cold itself is a limited disease, it can lead to secondary bacterial infections . Cough is one of the most common symptoms in patients who need medical care and spend a lot of money on health care each year. Cough is an essential action to protect the airways and lungs of the human being, and has been attributed in the past either just for the lungs or because of the involvement of other organs. Cough as a specific factor, accounts for 10-38% of referrals to respiratory care practitioners. Iranian scholars considered coughing as the movement of the chest and lungs to repel something that causes discomfort. The prevalence rate of cough is 15-25% in non-smoker patients and 25-50% among smoker patients . Zufa Morakkab Booali Daroo Syrup is made up jujube, assyrian plum, papaver somniferum, fennel, adiantum, viola, borage officinalis l, glycyrrhiza, hyssop, lavender, and rushgrass. These components have been used in combination or even separately in traditional medicine for the treatment of coughs and cold, and have been recommended for these diseases. For example, we can refer to the followings: licorice root has been used as a cough reliever and expectorant as well as its rhizome in the treatment of asthma, chest infections, respiratory diseases, cough, and tonsillitis. Figs have been mentioned in the treatment of pulmonary inflammation, cough, asthma, and other respiratory diseases. Traditional medicine books have recommended rushgrass and adiantum herbs for the treatment of sputum cough . Numerous properties have been reported for ruta graveolens, such as the treatment of shortness of breath and chronic cough , and hyssop herb has been reported to be effective in treating colds, lung infections, cough, and asthma, and is used as an expectorant . Jujube also has antimicrobial properties, and is widely used in the treatment of infectious diseases and colds . Papaver somniferum is known as an important anti-cough drug because of its codeine content . Flavonoids and methyl salicylate in viola play a role in the treatment of colds considering their expectorant and anti-inflammatory properties . Lavender also has anti-cough and anti-spasm properties .
In a double-blind randomized clinical trial on the effect of a herbal compound consisting of hyssop, jujube, adiantum, and licorice on symptoms of intermittent asthma, 46 children with cold were investigated and divided into two groups. Accordingly, the first group was treated with herbal compound and the second group was treated with placebo for 5 days. The frequency of coughing and nocturnal awakening were recorded on days 7, 3, and 14. At the end of the study, the results showed that the severity of cough and nocturnal awakening were significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the placebo group. In another clinical trial examining the effect of viola syrup in reducing cough in children with asthma, children were randomly divided either into drug or in placebo groups. The results were evaluated until complete cough suppression. At the end of the study, the results showed that using viola syrup as an adjunct was effective in treating coughs. Also Zufa Morakkab syrup is highly effective in consolidation of immune system.